元认知，即对认知的认知。
例如，学生在学习中，一方面进行着各种认知活动 (感知、记忆、思维等)，另一方面又要对自己的各种认知活动进行积极的监控和调节，这种对自己的感知、记忆、思维等认知活动本身的再感知、再记忆、再思维，就称为元认知。
元认知可以表现为很多不同的形式或方式。元认知康复训练是学习障碍儿童的重要康复训练手段。
The term Metacognition comes from the root word meta, meaning “beyond”, or “on top of”. Metacognition is “cognition about cognition”, “thinking about thinking”, “knowing about knowing”, becoming “aware of one’s awareness” and higher-order thinking skills.
Metacognition can take many forms. It includes knowledge about when and how to use particular strategies for learning or problem-solving.
